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An intensive model of care for hepatitis C virus screening and treatment with direct-acting antivirals in people who inject drugs in Nairobi, Kenya: A model-based cost-effectiveness analysis.

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment is essential for eliminating HCV in people who inject drugs (PWID) but has limited coverage in resource-limited settings.

Mafirakureva N Stone J Fraser H Nzomukunda Y Maina A Thiong'o AW Kizito KW Mucara EWK González Diaz CI Musyoki H Mundia B Cherutich P Nyakowa M Lizcano J Chhun N Kurth A Akiyama MJ Waruiru W Bhattacharjee P Cleland C Donchuk D Luhmann N Loarec A Maman D Walker J Vickerman P
Addiction (Abingdon, England) 2021 Jun 29; doi: 10.1111/add.15630. Epub 2021 06 29
HCV cost-effectiveness direct-acting antiviral treatment low-income setting people who inject drugs

Regional sequencing collaboration reveals persistence of the T12 O1 lineage in West Africa.

Abstract

Background: Despite recent insights into cholera transmission patterns in Africa, regional and local dynamics in West Africa-where cholera outbreaks occur every few years-are still poorly understood.

Ekeng E Tchatchouang S Akenji B Issaka BB Akintayo I Chukwu C Dano ID Melingui S Ousmane S Popoola MO Nzouankeu A Boum Y Luquero F Ahumibe A Naidoo D Azman A Lessler J Wohl S
eLife 2021 Jun 18; 10 doi: 10.7554/eLife.65159. Epub 2021 06 18
Vibrio cholerae West Africa antimicrobial resistance epidemiology genetics genomics global health transmission

Population pharmacokinetics and significant under-dosing of anti-tuberculosis medications in people with HIV and Critical Illness.

Abstract

Critical illness from tuberculosis (TB) bloodstream infection results in a high case fatality rate for people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Critical illness can lead to altered pharmacokinetics and suboptimal drug exposures.

Prakruti S. Rao Christopher C. Moore Amir A. Mbonde Edwin Nuwagira Patrick Orikiriza Dan Nyehangane et al.
Antibiotics 2021, 10(6), 739; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10060739
Tuberculosis HIV

Tuberculosis diagnostic accuracy of stool Xpert MTB/RIF and urine AlereLAM in vulnerable children.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Non-sputum based diagnostic approaches are crucial in children at high risk of disseminated tuberculosis [TB] who cannot expectorate sputum.

Orikiriza P Smith J Ssekyanzi B Nyehangane D Mugisha Taremwa I Turyashemererwa E Byamukama O Tusabe T Ardizzoni E Marais BJ Wobudeya E Kemigisha E Mwanga-Amumpaire J Nampijja D Bonnet M
The European respiratory journal 2021 Jun 17; doi: 10.1183/13993003.01116-2021. Epub 2021 06 17

All-oral longer regimens are effective for the management of multidrug resistant tuberculosis in high burden settings.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Recent World Health Organisation guidance on drug-resistant tuberculosis treatment de-prioritised injectable agents, in use for decades, and endorsed all-oral longer regimens.

Khan PY Franke MF Hewison C Seung KJ Huerga H Atwood S Ahmed S Khan M Sultana T Manzur-Ul-Alam M Vo LNQ Lecca L Yae K Kozhabekov S Tamirat M Gelin A Vilbrun SC Kikvidze M Faqirzai J Kadyrov A Skrahina A Mesic A Avagyan N Bastard M Rich ML Khan U Mitnick CD
The European respiratory journal 2021 Jun 17; doi: 10.1183/13993003.04345-2020. Epub 2021 06 17

Effects of short-term exposure to particulate matter on emergency department admission and hospitalization for asthma exacerbations in Brescia district.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Rising pollution plays a crucial role in worsening several respiratory diseases. Particulate Matter (PM)-induced asthma exacerbations are one of the most dangerous events.

Pini L Giordani J Concoreggi C Zanardini E Pini A Perger E Bargagli E Di Bona D Ciarfaglia M Tantucci C
The Journal of asthma : official journal of the Association for the Care of Asthma 2021 Jun 14; 1-8. doi: 10.1080/02770903.2021.1929310. Epub 2021 06 14
PM10 PM2.5 Particulate matter airborne pollutants asthma asthma exacerbation emergency department hospitalization

Treated HIV Infection and Progression of Carotid Atherosclerosis in Rural Uganda: A Prospective Observational Cohort Study.

Abstract

Background Although ≈70% of the world's population of people living with HIV reside in sub-Saharan Africa, there are minimal prospective data on the contributions of HIV infection to atherosclerosis in the region.

Siedner MJ Bibangambah P Kim JH Lankowski A Chang JL Yang IT Kwon DS North CM Triant VA Longenecker C Ghoshhajra B Peck RN Sentongo RN Gilbert R Kakuhikire B Boum Y Haberer JE Martin JN Tracy R Hunt PW Bangsberg DR Tsai AC Hemphill LC Okello S
Journal of the American Heart Association 2021 Jun 05; e019994. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.120.019994. Epub 2021 06 05
HIV infection Uganda antiretroviral therapy atherosclerosis cardiovascular disease risk carotid intima media thickness

What gaps remain in the HIV cascade of care? Results of a population-based survey in Nsanje District, Malawi.

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: The Malawi Ministry of Health (MoH) has been in collaboration with Médecins sans Frontières (MSF) to increase access to quality HIV care through decentralization of antiretroviral therapy (ART) diagnosis and treatment fro

Conan N Paye CP Ortuno R Chijuwa A Chiwandira B Goemaere E Belen Garone D Coulborn RM Chihana M Maman D
PloS one 2021 ; 16(4); e0248410. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248410. Epub 2021 04 22

Potential value of urine lateral-flow lipoarabinomannan (LAM) test for diagnosing tuberculosis among severely acute malnourished children.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious co-morbidity among children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM) and TB diagnosis remains particularly challenging in the very young.

Schramm B Nganaboy RC Uwiragiye P Mukeba D Abdoubara A Abdou I Nshimiymana JC Sounna S Hiffler L Flevaud L Huerga H
PloS one 2021 ; 16(5); e0250933. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250933. Epub 2021 05 05